Which stage describes following standards and seeking approval in Kohlberg's theory?

• A. Preconventional
• B. Post conventional
• C. Conventional
• D. Ethical egoism

Answer: (C)

In Kohlberg's theory, the conventional level is about conforming to societal norms and expectations, with behavior guided by the desire to be seen as good by others and to uphold laws and social order. When someone is described as following standards and seeking approval, that aligns with this level’s focus on interpersonal harmony, conformity, and duties to maintain social norms. Within the conventional level, people aim to meet others’ expectations and act in ways that preserve relationships and the functioning of society.

Preconventional thinking centers on avoiding punishment and pursuing self-interest, not on gaining social approval. Postconventional reasoning involves internalized, principled values that may override local norms. Ethical egoism is an ethical theory emphasizing self-interest rather than a stage in Kohlberg’s model.