Which concept is central to Bandura's theory along with imitation and observation?

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Multiple Choice

Which concept is central to Bandura's theory along with imitation and observation?

Explanation:
Bandura's social learning theory shows that learning occurs through watching others and imitating them, but cognitive processes determine whether that modeled behavior is adopted. Beliefs about the likely outcomes of a behavior and one's own ability to perform it—beliefs and expectations—shape what gets imitated. This makes beliefs and expectations the best answer. While reinforcement can influence behavior, Bandura’s model emphasizes cognitive expectations rather than reward/punishment alone. Genetic predispositions and unconscious conflicts come from other theoretical frameworks and aren’t central to this theory.

Bandura's social learning theory shows that learning occurs through watching others and imitating them, but cognitive processes determine whether that modeled behavior is adopted. Beliefs about the likely outcomes of a behavior and one's own ability to perform it—beliefs and expectations—shape what gets imitated. This makes beliefs and expectations the best answer. While reinforcement can influence behavior, Bandura’s model emphasizes cognitive expectations rather than reward/punishment alone. Genetic predispositions and unconscious conflicts come from other theoretical frameworks and aren’t central to this theory.

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