In Erikson's theory, which stage involves developing a sense of basic trust when caregivers respond consistently?

• A. Trust vs Mistrust
• B. Initiative vs Guilt
• C. Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
• D. Identity vs Confusion

Answer: (A)

In this stage of psychosocial development, the challenge is whether an infant learns that the world is a safe place and that people can be trusted. When caregivers respond consistently to basic needs—feeding, soothing, comforting—the infant develops a sense of basic trust: a belief that their needs will be met and that relationships are dependable. This foundational trust helps the child explore the world with confidence and form secure relationships later on. If responses are inconsistent or neglectful, the infant may develop mistrust, feeling uncertain about whether others will meet their needs, which can color future interactions with fear or suspicion.

The other stages occur at later ages: one involves developing initiative and exploring autonomy but also feelings of guilt or shame, another centers on independence during the toddler years, and a later stage focuses on forming a sense of self and identity during adolescence. The question’s scenario clearly fits the infancy crisis of trust versus mistrust, making it the best answer.