DNR and DNI are examples of advance directives.

• A. DNR and DNI (do not resuscitate and do not intubate) are examples of advance directives.
• B. They are unrelated to end-of-life care.
• C. They require immediate termination of all care.
• D. They are only used in pediatric populations.

Answer: (A)

DNR and DNI focus on patient preferences for life-sustaining treatments when the patient can’t communicate. These choices are typically captured in advance directives, documents that guide care if a patient becomes unable to speak for themselves. A DNR means no CPR if the heart stops, while a DNI means no intubation or invasive ventilation. They’re about respecting autonomy and ensuring that what happens aligns with the patient’s values, not about ending all care. They also aren’t limited to a specific age group; they apply across the lifespan and can be part of broader advance directives or physician orders that travel with the patient. So, they are indeed examples of advance directives.